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mental health, depression, sleep, sad, seasonal affective disorder

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Posted by Kristen Fitzgerald on 12/15/2022

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Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Roughly 5 percent of the U.S. population experiences seasonal depression, also known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). It is most common during the fall and winter months, when the days get shorter and there is less sunlight. SAD can occur during the spring or summer, although this is less common. People may start to feel “down”, sad, or not like their usual selves. These mood changes can affect how a person feels, thinks, and handles daily activities.

SAD is defined by its recurrent seasonal pattern, with symptoms lasting about 4 to 5 months per year. The signs and symptoms of SAD include are closely related with symptoms of depression. Symptoms can also differ between winter-pattern and summer-pattern SAD. It is important to remember that SAD will affect everyone differently, and not every person will experience the same symptoms. Symptoms include, but are not limited to, losing interest in activities you once enjoyed, feeling hopeless or worthless, having low energy, experiencing changes in appetite or weight, and having difficulty concentrating.

Treatments are available that can help symptoms of SAD. You should consult your health care provider about which treatment, or combination of treatments, may be best for you.

Treatments:

Phototherapy or Light Therapy – This treatment has been shown to suppress the brain’s secretion of melatonin (hormone associated with sleep). Exposure to artificial light can help keep one’s circadian rhythm on track.
Exercise – As it does with other forms of depression, exercise can help alleviate SAD. Exercise can also offset the weight gain, which is a common symptom.
Keep a Journal – Writing down one’s thoughts can have a positive effect on overall mood.
Psychotherapy – Therapists/counselors can provide an outlet for those who are struggling with SAD and teach skills to help manage their symptoms.
Vitamin D – Nutritional supplements of vitamin D have been known to help improve their symptoms. Talk to your doctor about proper dosing.
Medication Management – Antidepressant medications are commonly used to treat SAD symptoms. Talk to your doctor to learn more information.